1. Rivas J, Perea JM, De-Pablos-Heredero C, Morantes M, Angon E, Barba C, García A. Role of technological innovation in livestock breeding programmes: A case of cereal-sheep system. Italian journal of animal science. 2019.
2 .Chakraborty S, Kumar A, Tiwari R, Rahal A, Malik Y, Dhama K, et al. Advances in diagnosis of respiratory diseases of small ruminants. Veterinary medicine international. 2014;2014.
3Lopez A, Martinson SA. Respiratory system, mediastinum, and pleurae. Pathologic basis of veterinary disease. 2017:471.
4. Thompson M. Respiratory diseases in sheep. Vet Pract Today. 2019;7(4):1-2.
5. Ali S, Zhao Z, Zhen G, Kang JZ, Yi PZ. Reproductive problems in small ruminants (Sheep and goats): A substantial economic loss in the world. Large Animal Review. 2019;25(6):215-23.
6. Saleh NS, Allam TS. Pneumonia in sheep: bacteriological and clinicopathological studies. American Journal of Research Communication. 2014;2(11):73-88.
7. Padalino B, Cirone F, Zappaterra M, Tullio D, Ficco G, Giustino A, et al. Factors affecting the development of bovine respiratory disease: a cross-sectional study in beef steers shipped from france to Italy. Frontiers in veterinary science. 2021;8:627894.
8. Sahay S, Natesan K, Prajapati A, Kalleshmurthy T, Shome BR, Rahman H, Shome R. Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida isolated from ovine respiratory infection: A study from Karnataka, Southern India. Veterinary World. 2020;13(9):1947.
9. Khodadadi S, Javanmard A, Rafat SA, Hasanpur K. The Situation of Goat Breeding from the Perspective of Livestock Breeders. Archives of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. 2022;4(2).
10. Ansari-Renani HR. An investigation of organic sheep and goat production by nomad pastoralists in southern Iran. Pastoralism. 2016;6(1):8.
11. Carvalho O, Gonçalves C, Gómez-Soler M. Comparative physiology of the respiratory system in the animal kingdom. The open biology journal. 2011;4(351):35-46.
12. Markey B, Leonard F, Archambault M, Cullinane A, Maguire D. Clinical veterinary microbiology e-book: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013.
13. Frank JA, Reich CI, Sharma S, Weisbaum JS, Wilson BA, Olsen GJ. Critical evaluation of two primers commonly used for amplification of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. Applied and environmental microbiology. 2008;74(8):2461-70.
14. Shayegh J, Parvizi M, Hejazi M. Diversity of caprine and ovine Pasteurella multocida isolates based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Iranian journal of veterinary research. 2010;11(4):373-8.
15. Ahmadi M, RAZAVI RS, AIREMLOU N. Evaluation of Streptococcus agalactiae detection by PCR in Milk and its comparison to other microbiological methods. 2009.
16. Cook E. Agriculture, forestry and fishery statistics: 2019 edition: Publications Office of the European Union; 2019.
17. Angen Ø, Thomsen J, Larsen LE, Larsen J, Kokotovic B, Heegaard PM, Enemark JM. Respiratory disease in calves: microbiological investigations on trans-tracheally aspirated bronchoalveolar fluid and acute phase protein response. Veterinary Microbiology. 2009;137(1-2):165-71.
18. Timsit E, Christensen H, Bareille N, Seegers H, Bisgaard M, Assié S. Transmission dynamics of Mannheimia haemolytica in newly-received beef bulls at fattening operations. Veterinary microbiology. 2013;161(3-4):295-304.
19. Singh K, Ritchey J, Confer A. Mannheimia haemolytica: bacterial–host interactions in bovine pneumonia. Veterinary Pathology. 2011;48(2):338-48.
20. Klima CL, Alexander TW, Hendrick S, McAllister TA. Characterization of Mannheimia haemolytica isolated from feedlot cattle that were healthy or treated for bovine respiratory disease. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research. 2014;78(1):38-45.
21. Tabatabaei M, Abdollahi F. Isolation and identification of Mannheimia haemolytica by culture and polymerase chain reaction from sheep’s pulmonary samples in Shiraz, Iran. Veterinary World. 2018;11(5):636.
22. Bemani E, Esmaeilzadeh S, Gharibi D, Ghorbanpoor M. Immunohistochemical and bacteriological investigations of Mannheimia haemolytica in sheep bronchopneumonia. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi. 2017;23(1).
23. Al-Tarazi Y, Dagnall G. Nasal carriage of Pasteurella haemolytica serotypes by sheep and goats in Jordan. Tropical Animal Health and Production. 1997;29:177-9.
24. Hussain R, Mahmood F, Ali HM, Siddique AB. Bacterial, PCR and clinico-pathological diagnosis of naturally occurring pneumonic pasturellosis (mannheimiosis) during subtropical climate in sheep. Microbial pathogenesis. 2017;112:176-81.
25. Marru HD, Anijajo TT, Hassen AA. A study on Ovine pneumonic pasteurellosis: Isolation and Identification of Pasteurellae and their antibiogram susceptibility pattern in Haramaya District, Eastern Hararghe, Ethiopia. BMC Veterinary Research. 2013;9(1):1-8.
26. Kaoud H, El-Dahshan A, Zaki M, Nasr SA. Occurrence of Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella trehalosi among ruminants in Egypt. New York Science Journal. 2010;3(5):135-41.
27. Sisay T, Zerihun A. Diversity of Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella trehalosi serotypes from apparently healthy sheep and abattoir specimens in the highlands of Wollo, North East Ethiopia. Veterinary research communications. 2003;27:3-14.
28. Poulsen LL, Reinert TM, Sand RL, Bisgaard M, Christensen H, Olsen JE, et al. Occurrence of haemolytic Mannheimia spp. in apparently healthy sheep in Norway. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. 2006;48(1):1-7.
29. Azizi S, Korani FS, Oryan A. Pneumonia in slaughtered sheep in south-western Iran: pathological characteristics and aerobic bacterial aetiology. Veterinaria Italiana. 20:109: (1) 13-18.
30. Prescott JF, MacInnes JI, Van Immerseel F, Boyce JD, Rycroft AN, Vázquez-Boland JA. Pathogenesis of bacterial infections in animals: Wiley Online Library; 2022.
31. Edition F. Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections in Animals. 2010.
32. Valadan M, Jabbari A, Niroumand M, Tahamtan Y, Bani Hashemi S. Isolation and identification of Pasteurella multocida from sheep & goat in Iran. Archives of Razi Institute. 2014;69(1):47-55.
33. Ozyildiz Z, OY T, Yilmaz R, SY O, Keskin O. Pathological and microbiological investigations of pneumonic pasteurellosis in sheep. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi. 2013;19 (
34. GHADRDAN MA, ASGARI BM, SAFARI DH, ASHRAFI TI. A SURVEY ON ROLE OF MANNHEIMIA HAEMOLYTICA IN SHEEP PNEUMONIA IN GARMSAR.
35. Oruc E. The pathologic and bacteriologic comparison of pneumonia in lambs. Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences. 2006;30(6):593-9.
36. Tiwari RK, Galav V, Sharma SK, Marodia S, Kumar B, Agrawal M. Occurrence and aetio-pathological study on interstitial pneumonia of sheep (Ovis aries). methods. 2021;11:12.
